Frangula Alnus

Description

Frangula alnus, commonly known as Alder Buckthorn or Glossy Buckthorn, is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to Europe, North Africa, and parts of Asia. It is admired for its smooth, dark bark and oval, glossy green leaves that turn yellow in autumn, adding seasonal interest to landscapes. Small, pale green flowers appear in late spring, followed by berries that change from red to black as they mature. These fruits are a valuable food source for birds, making this plant a favorite in wildlife gardens. Thriving in full sun to partial shade and a range of soil types, Frangula alnus is tolerant of wet or boggy conditions, making it suitable for naturalizing near water features, woodland edges, or hedgerows. Its ecological benefits extend beyond birds, as it serves as a host plant for several butterfly species, including the Brimstone butterfly.

Sowing Advice

Sow Frangula alnus seeds in autumn or stratify them before spring sowing. To stratify, soak seeds in water for 24 hours, then store them in damp sand at 4°C (39°F) for 2–3 months. Plant seeds in well-draining soil, covering them lightly, and keep the soil consistently moist. Germination can take several weeks to months. Alternatively, plant young nursery-grown shrubs directly in the garden in autumn or spring. Space plants 1.5–3 meters apart, depending on their intended use as a hedge or specimen shrub.

Key Facts